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1 compulsion
إِجْبار \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. \ إِرْغام \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. -
2 compulsion
إِكْرَاه \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. force: violence; fierce or uncontrolled use of strength: He took the money from the old woman by force. -
3 actuar por compulsión
• act under compulsion -
4 быть не в состоянии бороться с собой
Makarov: act under compulsionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > быть не в состоянии бороться с собой
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5 действовать по принуждению
1) General subject: act under constraint (под давлением)2) Makarov: act under compulsion, act under constraint, act upon compulsionУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > действовать по принуждению
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6 принуждение
сущ.coercion; compulsion; constraint; duress; ( к исполнению) enforcementпо принуждению — under coercion (compulsion, duress)
- физическое принуждениесделка, совершённая по принуждению — transaction made under duress
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7 принуждение
1. bondage2. squeeze3. violence4. duresse5. forcing6. coercion7. dures8. duress9. enforcement10. compulsion; coercion; constraint11. forceСинонимический ряд:насилие (сущ.) насилие -
8 действовать по принуждению
Русско-английский юридический словарь > действовать по принуждению
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9 принуждение принуждени·е
compulsion, coercion, violence, force; squeeze разг.; enforcement, compulsionдействовать по принуждению — to act under / upon compulsion
делать что-л. без принуждения — to do smth. of one's own free will
прибегать к принуждению — to resort to coercion / compulsion
замаскированные / скрытые формы принуждения — concealed forms of compulsion
Russian-english dctionary of diplomacy > принуждение принуждени·е
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10 Zwang
Imperf. zwingen* * *der Zwangcoercion; compulsion; constraint; duress* * *Zwạng [tsvaŋ]m -(e)s, -e['tsvɛŋə] (= Notwendigkeit) compulsion; (= Gewalt) force; (= Verpflichtung) obligation; (= hemmender Zwang) constraintstehen/handeln — to be/act under duress
etw aus Zwang tun — to do sth under duress, to be forced to do sth
tu dir keinen Zwang an — don't feel you have to be polite; (iro) don't force yourself
darf ich rauchen? – ja, tu dir keinen Zwang an — may I smoke? – feel free
der Zwang des Gesetzes/der Verhältnisse/Konvention — the force of the law/of circumstances/of convention
* * *der1) coercion2) (compelling or being compelled: You are under no compulsion to go.) compulsion* * *<-[e]s, Zwänge>[tsvaŋ, pl tsvɛŋə]mgesellschaftliche Zwänge social constraintsseinen Gefühlen \Zwang antun to suppress one's feelings\Zwang ausüben to put on pressure\Zwang auf jdn ausüben to exert pressure on sb\Zwang auf jdn ausüben, damit er/sie etw tut to pressurize [or pressure] sb into doing sthetw ohne \Zwang tun to do sth voluntarily [or without being forced [to]]unter \Zwang under duress [or pressure]ein Geständnis unter \Zwang machen to make a confession under duress2. (Notwendigkeit) compulsion, necessityaus \Zwang under compulsion, out of necessityes besteht kein \Zwang, etw zu kaufen there is no obligation to buy sth3. (Einfluss) influence4.▶ tu dir keinen \Zwang an feel free [to do sth]darf man hier rauchen? — klar, tu dir keinen Zwang an! is it OK to smoke here? — of course, feel free!* * *der; Zwang[e]s, Zwänge1) compulsionder Zwang der Verhältnisse — the force of circumstance[s]
soziale Zwänge — social constraints; the constraints of society
2) (innerer Drang) irresistible urgeaus einem Zwang [heraus] handeln — act under a compulsion or on an irresistible impulse
3) o. Pl. (Verpflichtung) obligationes besteht kein Zwang zur Teilnahme/zum Kauf — there is no obligation to take part/to buy anything
* * *gesellschaftliche/politische Zwänge social/political constraints;der Zwang der Verhältnisse the force of circumstances;der Zwang der Mode the dictates of fashion;der Zwang der Konvention the straitjacket of convention;es besteht kein Zwang zum Kauf there is no obligation to buy;die Teilnahme ist Zwang participation is compulsory;unter Zwang stehen/handeln be/act under duressallen Zwang ablegen abandon all restraint;seinen Gefühlen Zwang antun keep one’s feelings strictly under control, rein in one’s feelings;seinen Gefühlen keinen Zwang antun not hide one’s feelings, give free rein to one’s feelings;sich (dat)tun Sie sich nur keinen Zwang an! don’t stand on ceremony, make yourself at home, no need to be shy(, now) hum;tu dir nur keinen Zwang an! iron don’t mind meeinem inneren Zwang folgen follow an inner compulsion* * *der; Zwang[e]s, Zwänge1) compulsionder Zwang der Verhältnisse — the force of circumstance[s]
soziale Zwänge — social constraints; the constraints of society
2) (innerer Drang) irresistible urgeaus einem Zwang [heraus] handeln — act under a compulsion or on an irresistible impulse
3) o. Pl. (Verpflichtung) obligationes besteht kein Zwang zur Teilnahme/zum Kauf — there is no obligation to take part/to buy anything
* * *¨-e m.coercion n.compulsion n.constraint n.dictate n.enforcement n.force n. -
11 zwang
Imperf. zwingen* * *der Zwangcoercion; compulsion; constraint; duress* * *Zwạng [tsvaŋ]m -(e)s, -e['tsvɛŋə] (= Notwendigkeit) compulsion; (= Gewalt) force; (= Verpflichtung) obligation; (= hemmender Zwang) constraintstehen/handeln — to be/act under duress
etw aus Zwang tun — to do sth under duress, to be forced to do sth
tu dir keinen Zwang an — don't feel you have to be polite; (iro) don't force yourself
darf ich rauchen? – ja, tu dir keinen Zwang an — may I smoke? – feel free
der Zwang des Gesetzes/der Verhältnisse/Konvention — the force of the law/of circumstances/of convention
* * *der1) coercion2) (compelling or being compelled: You are under no compulsion to go.) compulsion* * *<-[e]s, Zwänge>[tsvaŋ, pl tsvɛŋə]mgesellschaftliche Zwänge social constraintsseinen Gefühlen \Zwang antun to suppress one's feelings\Zwang ausüben to put on pressure\Zwang auf jdn ausüben to exert pressure on sb\Zwang auf jdn ausüben, damit er/sie etw tut to pressurize [or pressure] sb into doing sthetw ohne \Zwang tun to do sth voluntarily [or without being forced [to]]unter \Zwang under duress [or pressure]ein Geständnis unter \Zwang machen to make a confession under duress2. (Notwendigkeit) compulsion, necessityaus \Zwang under compulsion, out of necessityes besteht kein \Zwang, etw zu kaufen there is no obligation to buy sth3. (Einfluss) influence4.▶ tu dir keinen \Zwang an feel free [to do sth]darf man hier rauchen? — klar, tu dir keinen Zwang an! is it OK to smoke here? — of course, feel free!* * *der; Zwang[e]s, Zwänge1) compulsionder Zwang der Verhältnisse — the force of circumstance[s]
soziale Zwänge — social constraints; the constraints of society
2) (innerer Drang) irresistible urgeaus einem Zwang [heraus] handeln — act under a compulsion or on an irresistible impulse
3) o. Pl. (Verpflichtung) obligationes besteht kein Zwang zur Teilnahme/zum Kauf — there is no obligation to take part/to buy anything
* * ** * *der; Zwang[e]s, Zwänge1) compulsionder Zwang der Verhältnisse — the force of circumstance[s]
soziale Zwänge — social constraints; the constraints of society
2) (innerer Drang) irresistible urgeaus einem Zwang [heraus] handeln — act under a compulsion or on an irresistible impulse
3) o. Pl. (Verpflichtung) obligationes besteht kein Zwang zur Teilnahme/zum Kauf — there is no obligation to take part/to buy anything
* * *¨-e m.coercion n.compulsion n.constraint n.dictate n.enforcement n.force n. -
12 tvang
coercion, compulsion, pressure* * *I. (en) compulsion ( fx he did it under compulsion),F constraint ( fx act under constraint);( især urimelig, ved magtmisbrug etc) coercion;( hindrende) restraint ( fx he had to impose some restraint on himself);(jur) duress ( fx the company refused to negotiate under duress);[ moralsk tvang] moral pressure.II. præt af tvinge. -
13 Druck
Druck m 1. COMP compression, printing; 2. GEN pressure; 3. MEDIA print, printing; 4. POL leverage; 5. LOGIS compression; 6. V&M letterpress; 7. WIWI downward pressure (Preisdruck, Kursdruck) • auf jmdn. Druck ausüben GEN bring pressure to bear on sb, put pressure on sb • in Druck gehen MEDIA go to press, go to the printers • unter Druck geraten GEN come under pressure • unter Druck handeln GEN act under pressure • unter Druck setzen PERS, WIWI put pressure on, pressurize; squeeze, put pressure on sb (Preise)* * *m 1. < Comp> compression, printing; 2. < Geschäft> pressure; 3. < Medien> print, printing; 4. < Pol> leverage; 5. < Transp> compression; 6. <V&M> letterpress; 7. <Vw> Preisdruck, Kursdruck downward pressure ■ auf jmdn. Druck ausüben < Geschäft> bring pressure to bear on sb, put pressure on sb ■ in Druck gehen < Medien> go to press, go to the printers ■ unter Druck geraten < Geschäft> come under pressure ■ unter Druck handeln < Geschäft> act under pressure ■ unter Druck setzen <Person, Vw> put pressure on, pressurize, Preise squeeze, put pressure on sb* * *Druck
pressure, strain, force, impact, (Belastung) stress, (Dringlichkeit) press, (Druckanwendung) squeeze, (drucktechn.) print[ing], (Elend) distress, (Zwang[slage]) compulsion, duress, constraint;
• ''gut zum Druck'' ''press'';
• im Druck in course of printing, in print, on press;
• in fettem Druck in bold type;
• unter Druck under duress (constraint);
• unter dem Druck der Verhältnisse owing to the force (under the stress) of circumstances;
• angeschnittener Druck (Anzeige) bleed;
• von den Aktionären ausgeübter Druck shareholder pressure;
• von den Gewerkschaften ausgeübter Druck union pressure;
• von Schutzzollanhängern ausgeübter Druck protectionist pressure;
• durchgeschlagener Druck blotted print;
• finanzieller Druck financial squeeze;
• kleiner Druck small print (type);
• verschwommener Druck blurred impression;
• verwischter Druck mackle;
• Druck der Aktionäre shareholder pressure;
• Druck des Auslands pressure from abroad;
• Druck von außen external force;
• durch Verkäufe ausgelöster Druck auf die Börse raid on the market;
• Druck der Herstellungskosten cost-price squeeze;
• Druck auf die Preise forcing down the prices;
• Druck auf die Sozialsysteme pressure on social systems;
• Druck im Staatsauftrag public printing;
• Druck des Umweltschutzes environmentalist pressure;
• Druck auf die Unternehmergewinne squeeze on profits;
• Druck ausüben to clamp down, to bring pressure to bear;
• wirtschaftlichen Druck ausüben to exert economic pressure;
• Druck auf den Geldmarkt ausüben (verursachen) to place pressure on the money market;
• mit dem Druck beginnen to start printing;
• im Druck erscheinen to appear in print, to be published;
• Buch für den Druck fertig machen to get a book ready for the press;
• schnellstens in Druck geben to rush into print;
• in Druck gehen to go to press;
• unter Druck handeln to act under duress;
• dem Druck der öffentlichen Meinung nachgeben to yield to the pressure of public opinion;
• unter Druck stehen to be under pressure;
• von zwei Seiten her unter Druck stehen to be between the upper and the nether millstone;
• Druckangabe printer’s imprint. -
14 ὑπό
ὑπό [pron. full] [ῠ], Prep. with gen., dat., and acc.: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὐπά Alc.39; [dialect] Boeot. [full] ὑπάAἈρχ.Δελτ. 14
Pl. ii 19 (Thespiae, iii B.C.); [dialect] Ion. ηυπύ only in IG 14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.); Arc. [full] ὁπύ Schwyzer 664.15,21 (Orchom.Arc., iv B.C.); in [dialect] Ep. [full] ὑπαί (also B. 12.139): this is found in Hom. only six times as a well-attested reading (ὑ. πόδα Il.2.824
,ὑ. δέ 3.217
, 11.417, 12.149,ὑ. δείους 10.376
, 15.4); elsewh. (before λ ν ρ ϝ ) it is weakly attested as v. l. for ὑπὸ ([etym.] ?ὑπόX ¯ ), e.g. ποσσὶ δ' ὑπὸ (v.l. ὑπαὶ)λιπαροῖσι Il.2.44
, al.; but ὑπαὶ νεφέων is given by most codd. in Il.15.625, 16.375 (v. Allen ed. maj.), andὑπαὶ νεφέεσσι Anon.
ap. Plu.2.38e; also in compds.,ὑπαιδείδοικα h.Merc. 165
, ὑπαιφοινίσσω (q. v.); it is not freq. in Trag. Poets, A.Ag. 892, 944, 1164 (lyr.), Eu. 417, S.El. 711, 1418 (lyr.), Inach. in PTeb. 692 ii5 (lyr.), E.El. 1188 (lyr.), Ar. Ach. 970 (paratrag.). (With ὑπό ([etym.] ὕπο) cf. Skt. úpa 'towards, near to, etc.', Goth. uf 'under'.)A WITH GENITIVE,I of Place, with Verbs of motion, from under, αὖτις ἀναστήσονται ὑ. ζόφου they will rise again from under the gloom, Il.21.56;ὑ. χθονὸς ἧκε φόωσδε Hes.Th. 669
;ῥέει κρήνη ὑ. σπείους Od.9.141
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 230b;ὄσσε δεινὸν ὑ. βλεφάρων ἐξεφάανθεν Il.19.17
; ἐσιδόντες ὑπαὶ χειμῶνος αἴγλαν from under the storm-cloud, B.12.139; esp. of rescuing from under another's power, after the Verbs ἐρύεσθαι, ἁρπάζειν, ῥύεσθαι, ἐρύειν, Il.9.248, 13.198, 17.224, 235;ἤγαγεν ὑμέτερόνδ' ἀνδροκτασίης ὕ. λυγρῆς
from the consequences of,23.86
; also ἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑ. ζυγοῦ from under the yoke, 8.543, Od.4.39; ὑπ' ἀρνειοῦ λυόμην I loosed myself from under the ram, 9.463; σπλάγχνων ὕπο ματέρος μόλεν, i.e. was born, Pi.N.1.35, cf. O.6.43; rarely in Trag.,ὑ. πτερῶν σπάσας E.Andr. 441
;περᾷ γὰρ ἥδ' ὑ. σκηνῆς πόδα Id.Hec.53
; once in Hdt.,τὰς δέ οἱ ἵππους ὑ. τοῦ ἅρματος νεμομένας ἀφανισθῆναι 4.8
;αἴ τις ὑ. τῶν νομίων τῶν ἐπιϝοικων ἀνχωρέῃ SIG47.27
(Locris, v B.C.); cf. ὑπέκ.2 of the object under which a thing is or is placed, under, beneath, with collat. sense of motion, as μοχλὸν ὑ. σποδοῦ ἤλασα πολλῆς thrust it in under the embers, Od. 9.375;ὑ. στέρνοιο τυχήσας Il.4.106
;τοὺς μὲν ὑ. χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης πέμψαν Hes.Th. 717
: also without the sense of motion,ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος ὀχεὺς τέτατο Il.3.372
;βάθιστον ὑ. χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον 8.14
;ἐτέθαπτο ὑ. χθονός Od.11.52
;κεκευθὼς πολεμίας ὑ. χθονός A.Th. 588
;ὑπ' ἀγκῶνος βέλη Pi.O.2.83
;νέρθεν ὑπ' ἐγκεφάλοιο Il.16.347
;τὰ ὑ. γῆς δικαιωτήρια Pl.Phdr. 249a
;δεξιὰν ὑφ' εἵματος κρύπτειν E.Hec. 342
; φέρειν ζώνης ὕπο ib. 762: Thom.Mag.p.375 R. says that ὑ. = under takes gen. in [dialect] Att., acc. in 'Hellenic' Greek; κατακρύψας ὑ. κόπρου, which is v.l. in Od.9.329 for ὑ. κόπρῳ, is called by Eust.1631.36 Ἀττικώτερον, ὁποῖον καὶ τὸ φέρειν τι ὑ. κόλπου ἢ ὑ. μάλης (v. κόλπος, μάλη); but in [dialect] Att. Prose, Hdt., and the Koine ὑ. c. gen. in signfs. 1.1, 2 is almost limited to these and a few other phrases, esp. ὑ. γῆς; it is not found at all in Th., LXX, Ptolemaic papyri, and NT; X. has ὑ. ἁμάξης ( = from under) An.6.4.22,25; the Orators have only ὑ. μάλης, Lys.Fr.54, D.29.12; ὑ. γῆς is found in Pl.Ap. 18b, Mx. 246d, R. 414d, al., Arist.Mete. 352b6, al., Hipparch.2.2.45, Plb.18.18.10 ([etym.] ὑ. τῆς γῆς), 21.28.3,10.b metaph., ἀρετῶσι δὲ λαοὶ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ under his rule, Od.19.114.II of Cause or Agency, freq. with pass. Verbs, and with intr. Verbs in pass. sense,μή πως τάχ' ὑπ' αὐτοῦ δουρὶ δαμήῃς Il.3.436
, cf. 4.479; ; εὖτ' ἂν πολλοὶ ὑφ' Ἕκτορος θνῂσκοντες πίπτωσι 1.242;τὸν.. τοκέα ὑ. τοῦ.. παιδὸς ἀποθνῄσκειν Hdt.1.137
; , cf. Th.7, al.;πέλεκυς.. ὅς τ' εἶσιν διὰ δουρὸς ὑπ' ἀνέρος Il.3.61
;ὑπ' Ἀχαιῶν.. φοβέοντο.. ἀπὸ νηῶν 16.303
; (anap.);ὑ. τοῦ Μήδου δεινότερα τούτων πάσχοντες Th.1.77
;ἐκπεσόντες ὑ. τοῦ πλήθους Id.4.66
;ἀναστάτων Καμαριναίων γενομένων ὑ. Συρακοσίων Id.6.5
;ὑφ' ὑμῶν αὐτῶν καὶ μὴ ὑ. τῶν πολεμίων τοῦτο παθεῖν Id.4.64
; κλύοντές ἐσμεν αἰσχίστους λόγους.. τοῦδ' ὑπ' ἀνδρὸς ἀρτίως we have been called shameful names by.., S.Aj. 1321; κακῶς ὑ. τῶν πολιτῶν ἀκούειν to be ill spoken of by.., Isoc.4.77, cf. Pl.Hp.Ma. 304e, X.An. 7.7.23; of a subordinate agent, ὑ. κήρυκος προαγορεύειν, ἀπειπεῖν κηρύκων ὕπο, Hdt.9.98, E.Alc. 737, cf. Th.6.32;ἐμῶν ὑπ' ἀγγέλων.. πορεύεται S.Tr. 391
;ὑ. ἀγγέλων πέμπων Pl.Phlb. 66a
: sts. with a verbal Subst., τὸ ὑ. νόμου ἐπίταγμα (i. e. ἐπιταττόμενον) Id.R. 359a;ἐκφορὰ φίλων ὕπο A.Th. 1029
;ἡ ὑπ' ἀρετῆς Ἡρακλέους παίδευσις X. Mem.2.1.34
;ἡ ὑ. πάντων τιμή Id.Cyr.3.3.2
;Ἥρας δεσμοὶ ὑ. ὑέος Pl. R. 378d
; so ἄτρωτον ἦν ὑ. στύγους ( = οὐ τετρωμένον) prob. in A.Ch. 532.2 also in pregnant phrases, not only of the immediate act of the agent, but also of its further result, ὅθ' ὑ. λιγέων ἀνέμων σπέρχωσιν ἄελλαι hasten driven on by them, Il.13.334; ὑφ' Ἕκτορος.. φεύγοντες fleeing before him, 18.149,χάσσονται ὑπ' ἔγχεος 13.153
, cf. 7.64, 11.119, 424, Od.5.320, 7.263, al.;πράγματα εἶχον ὑ. λῃστῶν X.HG5.1.5
; ἔπαινον, αἰτίαν ἔχειν ὑ. τινῶν, Hdt.9.78, A.Eu.99;οὐκέτι ἀποχωρεῖν οἷόν τ' ἦν ὑ. τῶν ἱππέων Th.7.78
, cf. Ar.V. 1084.3 freq. of things as well as persons,ὡς διάκειμαι ὑ. τῆς νόσου Th.7.77
;κεῖμαι νούσου ὕ. στυγερᾶς IG42(1).125.8
(Epid., iii B.C.);χαλεπῶς ἔχειν ὑ. τραυμάτων Pl.Tht. 142b
;ὑ. δόρατος πλαγείς IG42(1).122.64
(Epid., iv B.C.); ὑ. ἔχιος φῦμα ib.123.4 (ibid., iv B.C.); ἰάθη ὑ. ὄφιος ib.121.113 (ibid., iv B.C.);κατεσκεύασαν τὰς πύλας κλείεσθαι ὑ. σφύρας τε μεγάλης καὶ κτύπου παμμεγέθους γιγνομένου Aen.Tact.20.4
: of the agency of feelings, passions, etc.,ἀνόρουσ' ὑ. χάρματος h.Cer. 371
; ἐνδακρύειν, ἀνολολύξαι χαρᾶς ὕπο, A.Ag. 541, 587;μαίνεται.. ὑφ' ἡδονῆς S.El. 1153
;χλωρὸς ὑπαὶ δείους Il.10.376
;ὑ. δέους ἔρρηξε φωνήν Hdt.1.85
, cf. Th.6.33;οὐ δυνατὸν τὸν δῆμον ἐσόμενον ὑ. τῶν κακῶν καρτερεῖν Id.4.66
;ὑ. κακοῦ ἀγρυπνίῃσι εἴχετο Hdt.3.129
;ὑπ' ἄλγους A.Eu. 183
; ;ὑ. λύπης S.OT 1073
: hence ὑπό is used even with active Verbs, where a passive word may be supplied, e.g. ὑ. ἀρετῆς καὶ προθυμίης συνεπλήρουν τὰς νέας from courage, i. e. impelled by courage, Hdt.8.1;ὤρυσσον ὑ. μαστίγων Id.7.22
, cf. 56; οὐδὲ σέ γε δόλος ἔσχ' ὑ. χειρὸς ἐμᾶς by my agency, S.Ph. 1118 (lyr.); αἰ μήτις αὐτὸς δοίη, μὴ ὑπ' ἀνάγκας not under compulsion, GDI5128.5 ([place name] Vaxos).4 ὑπό freq. serves to denote the attendant or accompanying circumstances,νέφος ἐρχόμενον κατὰ πόντον ὑ. Ζεφύροιο ἰωῆς Il.4.276
, cf. 16.591, etc.: sts. with part. added, ἀμφὶ δὲ νῆες σμερδαλέον κονάβησαν ἀϋσάντων ὑπ' Ἀχαιῶν at their shouting, i.e. when they shouted, 2.334, 16.277;ἴαχε σάλπιγξ ἄστυ περιπλομένων δηΐων ὕ. 18.220
.5 of accompanying music, to give the time,κώμαζον ὑπ' αὐλοῦ Hes.Sc. 281
, cf. 278;ᾄδων ὑπ' αὐλητῆρος Archil.123
, cf. Thgn.825, Charon Fr.9;πίνειν ὑ. σάλπιγγος Ar.Ach. 1001
: generally, of anything attendant, δαΐδων ὕ. λαμπομενάων ἠγίνεον by torchlight, Il.18.492, cf. E.Hel. 639 (lyr.), Ion 1474 (lyr.);καταθάψομεν.. ὑ. κλαυθμῶν A.Ag. 1554
(anap.);ὑπ' εὐκλείας θανεῖν E.Hipp. 1299
; ; ὑπ' εὐφήμου βοῆς θῦσαι offer a sacrifice accompanied by it, S.El. 630; ὑ. φανοῦ πορεύεσθαι by lantern-light, X.Lac.5.7; ὑ. πομπῆς ἐξάγειν τινά in or with solemn procession, Hdt.2.45, cf. Ar.Th. 1030; ὑ. βίης βήξας coughing with violence, violently, Hdt.6.107; ἐτόξευον ὑ. μαστίγων, i.e. they shot and lashed, X.An.3.4.25: v. infr. B. 11.4, C. IV. 1.7 Math., ἡ ὑ. ΘΔΗ the angle ΘΔΗ ( = ἡ ὑ. τῶν ΘΔ, ΔΗ περιεχομένη γωνία), Procl. Hyp.2.26; but also τὸ ὑ. τῶν ΑΓ, ΓΒ the rectangle contained by ΑΓ, ΓΒ, = ΑΓ χ ΓΒ, Euc.2.4.8 ναῦλον ὄνων γ εἰς τὴν πόλιν ὑ. οἴνου laden with wine, Pap. in Hermes 28.163 (ii A.D.), cf. ib.479, and infr. C. IV. 2.B WITH DATIVE (esp. in Poets, never in LXX (Jb.12.5 is dub. l.) or NT, not common in Arist., Ptolemaic papyri, or Plb.), of Position under,ὑ. ποσσί Il.2.784
, al.; ὑ. πλατανίστῳ ib. 307, cf. 18.558; ὑ. Τμώλῳ at its foot, 2.866, cf. Od.1.186;Βερύσιοι ὑ. τῇ Ἴδῃ IG12.191.11
, cf. 373.118, al.;ὑ. τῇ ἀκροπόλι Hdt.6.105
; τῶν θανόντων ὑπ' Ἰλίῳ under its walls, E.Hec. 764, cf. A.Ag. 860;πέτρῃ ὕ. γλαφυρῇ εὗδον, Βορέω ὑπ' ἰωγῇ Od.14.533
;ὑ. τοῖς ὄρεσιν ἔχειν τὰς πηγάς Arist.Mete. 350b27
;ὑ. πέτρᾳ παῖς IG42(1).122.19
(Epid., iv B.C.); ὑ. τῷ ναῷ ἀστραγαλίζοντος αὐτοῦ ib.121.25 (ibid., iv B.C.); ηυπὺ τῇ κλίνῃ τούτῃ ληνὸς (or Λῆνος) ηύπυ ib.14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.);στρουθοὶ ὑ. τῇ τραπέζῃ Michel 832.33
(Samos, iv B.C.);ὑ. τῇ μασχάλῃ Hp.Art.11
;χέλυν δ' ὑ. μασχάλῃ εἶχεν h.Merc. 242
;ὑ. ταῖς μασχάλαις Arist.PA 688b5
,14; ὁ ὑ. τῇ γῇ ἀήρ under the earth, Id.Cael. 295a28; ἐὰν ὑ. σοὶ κατακλινῇ lies next below you, Pl.Smp. 222e; ὑφ' ἅρμασι under, i.e. yoked to, the chariot, Il.8.402, 18.244;εἶχε μάχαιραν ὑφ' αὑτῷ παρεσκευασμένος Plb.8.20.6
codd., cf. POxy. 1800 Fr.2.36 (Vit.Aesop.);ὑ. τοῖς χιτωνίσκοις περιζώματα φοροῦσιν Plb.12.26a
.4, cf. 13.7.9; τά τε θηρία καὶ τὰς ὑπ' αὐτοῖς σχεδίας under them, on which they stood, Id.3.46.8;τῆς γῆς τῆς ὑ. τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης Timae.
ap. eund.12.25.7;οἱ ὑ. τῇ ἄρκτῳ, τῇ μεσημβρία, οἰκοῦντες Adam.2.31
, cf. Arist.Pr. 940a37, Phgn. 806b16;ὑ. τῷ μετώπῳ ὀφρύες Id.HA 491b14
;ὑ. τῷ γενείῳ Plb.34.10.9
;τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ὕδασι καὶ ὑμέσι καὶ ὑέλοις Hero
*Deff.135.12;ὑ. τῷ δέρματι Gal. 18(2).102
.2 with Verbs of motion, where rest or position follows, εἷσαν ὑ. φηγῷ set [him] down under it, Il.5.693;ἔζευξαν ὑφ' ἅρμασιν.. ἵππους Od.3.478
, cf. Il.24.782;ὑ. δ' ἄξοσι.. ἔπιπτον 16.378
, cf. X.Cyr.7.1.37;δέμνι' ὑπ' αἰθούσῃ θέμεναι Il.24.644
.3 in such phrases as ὑ. χερσί τινος ἁλῶναι, δαμῆναι, 2.374, 860, al.;ἐμῇς ὑ. χερσὶ δάμασσον 3.352
;ὑ. δουρὶ δαμῆναι 5.653
, etc.;ἔκπεσον ἵππων Ἀτρεΐδεω ὑ. χερσί 11.180
;ὤλετο.. ὑ. γαμφηλῇσι λέοντος 16.489
; (lyr.);ἐν κονίῃσι πέσοιεν ὑπ' ἀνδράσι Il.6.453
;ὑ. τινὶ κτείνεσθαι 16.490
.4 behind,ὑ. φάλαγγι Ascl.Tact.6.1
; under the cover or protection of,ὑ. τούτῳ τῷ φράγματι τοὺς ὑπορύσσοντας εἶναι Aen.Tact.37.9
;ὑ. ταῖς αὑτῶν ἀσφαλείαις Plb. 1.57.8
, 4.12.10, 16.6.1.II of the person under whose hand, power, or influence, or the thing by or through which a thing is done, ὑπ' Ἀργείοισι φέβοντο fled before them, Il.11.121; freq. in Hom. with intr. or pass. Verbs,ἐφόβηθεν ὑφ' Ἕκτορι Il.15.637
;ὁρμηθέντες ὑ. πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης Od.13.82
;βῆ.. θεῶν ὑ. πομπῇ Il.6.171
;ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο 23.215
;ὑ. λαίλαπι βέβριθε χθών 16.384
; τεκεῖν, τεκέσθαι ὑ. τινί, 2.714, 728, 742;ἀτῆθαι ὑ. τῷ μεμφομένῳ GDI4994.8
([place name] Crete);ὁ χρησμὸς ὁ γεγονὼς ὑ. τοῖ Ἀπόλλωνι Inscr.Magn.38.5
, cf. 12,31,52.2 expressing subjection or dependence, ὑ. τινί under one's power,δέδμητο δὲ λαὸς ὑπ' αὐτῷ Od.3.305
, cf. Il.9.156;ὑπ' ἀνδράσιν οἶκον ἔχουσιν Od. 7.68
; εἶναι ὑ. τισί to be subordinate, subject to them, Th.1.32; ὑ. Χείρωνι τεθραμμένος under the eye of.., Pl.R. 391c; ἔχειν ὑφ' ἑαυτῷ have under one, at one's command, X.Cyr.2.1.26;τὰ θηρία τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ἀνθρώποις Pl.R. 563c
;ὑ. τινὶ στρατεύσασθαι Plu.Cic.44
: in pregnant sense,ἵνα.. πάντα ὑ. Πέρσῃσι γένηται Hdt.7.11
, cf. Th.7.64;ὑπ' ἑωυτῷ ποιήσασθαι Hdt.7.157
;κινδυνεύσαιμ' ἂν ὑ. τῇ δυσχερεστάτῃ γενέσθαι τύχῃ Lys.24.6
;ὑ. τῷ Μακεδόνι ταττομένων Plb.18.11.4
;τοὺς τραφέντας ὑ. τούτοις Id.6.7.2
.3 of the subordination of things coming under a class,αἱ ὑ. ταῖς τέχναις ἐργασίαι Pl.Smp. 205c
;τὸ ὑ. ταῖς γεωμετρίαις Id.R. 511b
;ὄργανα.. τὰ ὑ. τῇ μουσικῇ Id.Hp.Ma. 295d
.4 as in A. 11.5, ὑπ' αὐλητῆρι πρόσθ' ἔκιον advanced to the music of the flute-player, Hes.Sc. 283; ὑπ' αὐλῷ, ὑ. κήρυκι καὶ θεολόγῳ, Luc.DDeor.2.2, Alex.19;ὑ. μάστιξι διορύττειν τὸν Ἄθω Plu.2.470e
: generally, of attendant circumstances,ἐξ ἁλὸς εἶσι.. πνοιῇ ὕπο Ζεφύροιο Od.4.402
; ὑ. ῥάβδοις καὶ πελέκεσι κατιών escorted by the lictors, Plu.Publ.10; ὑ. σκότῳ, νυκτί, A.Ag. 1030 (lyr.), A.R. 1.1022, etc.;λάμπει δ' ὑ. μαρμαρυγαῖς ὁ χρυσός B.3.17
;αἰθομένα δᾲς ὑ. ξανθαἵσι πεύκαις Pi.Fr.79
;ὑ. φωτὶ πολλῷ προσῄει Plu.Galb.14
;ὑ. λαμπάσιν ἡμμέναις Hld.10.41
; ὑ. πολλῷ στρατῷ escorted by a great host, Nic.Dam.10J.;ὑ. δικαιοσύνῃ διαγαγεῖν τὸν βίον Pl.Ep. 335d
.— ὑπό has no sense c. dat. which it has not also c. gen.; but all its senses c. gen. do not belong to the dat.:—later ὑπό c. dat. is found as a mere periphr. of the dat.,στέφος.. αὐτὸς ὑφ' ἡμετέραις πλεξάμενος παλάμαις AP5.73
(Rufin.), cf. 85 (Claudian.);λέων ὑπ' ἄκοντι τετυμμένος A.R.2.26
, cf. Man.2.131.C WITH ACCUSATIVE, of Place; to express motion towards and under an object, ὑ. σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα drove them under, i.e. into, the cave, Il.4.279;ὑ. ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν Od.3.383
; σεῦ ὕστερος εἶμ' ὑ. γαῖαν, i.e. shall die, Il.18.333;νέεσθαι ὑ. ζόφον 23.51
, cf. Od.3.335; κατακρύπτειν τινὰ ὑ. τὴν αὐτὴν θύρην under shelter of it, i.e. behind it, Hdt.1.12;πάϊς ὣς ὑ. μητέρα δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα Il.8.271
;ὅκως ἔωσι ὑ. τὸν πεζὸν στρατὸν τὸν σφέτερον Hdt.9.96
;ὑ. τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ὁπλιτῶν τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ψιλῶν τετάχθαι Ael.Tact.15.2
; of coming close up under a lofty citadel, ἤλθεθ' ὑ. Τροίην up to T., Od.4.146;ὅτ' ἔμελλεν ὑ. πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος ἵξεσθαι Il.11.181
;παυρότερον λαὸν ἀγαγόνθ' ὑ. τεῖχος ἄρειον 4.407
;ὑ. τὰ τείχη φεύγειν Plb.1.74.11
;ὑ. τὰς ἴλας φεύγειν Id.3.65.7
, cf. 3.105.6, 11.21.5, al.;ὑ. ταὐτὸ στέγος εἰσελθεῖν GDI3536
B 3 ([place name] Cnidus);πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν ἔλθῃ.. ὑ. τὴν ῥάβδον LXXLe.27.32
, cf. De.4.11, al.; so ὑ. δικαστήριον ὑπαχθείς, ἀγαγόντες, Hdt.6.72, 104 (cf. ὑπάγειν ὑ. τοὺς ἐφόρους ib.82) prob. refers to the elevated seats of the judges in court, cf. ὑπάγω A ΙΙ.2 of Position or Extension under an object, without sense of motion,Ἀρκαδίην ὑ. Κυλλήνης ὄρος Il.2.603
, cf. 824, etc.;ἰκριώσασι ὑ. τὴν ὀροφήν IG12.374.76
; ἐργασαμένοις τὸ ἄνθεμον ὑ. τὴν ἀσπίδα ib.371.9;τὰ μὲν ὑ. τὸν λόφον καὶ τὰμ φάραγγα Inscr.Prien.37.162
(ii B.C.);ἀνθέντω ὑ. τὸν ναὸν τᾶς Δάματρος IG5(1).1498.13
(loc. inc., ii B.C.); ὅσσοι ἔασιν ὑπ' ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε everywhere under the sun, Il.5.267;ὑπ' αὐγὰς ἠελίοιο φοιτῶσι Od.2.181
;τῶν ὑ. τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον.. ἀνθρώπων D.18.270
;τὰ ὑ. τὴν ἄρκτον Hdt. 5.10
, cf. Arist.Mete. 362a17;οἴκησις ἡ λεγομένη ὑ. τὸν πόλον Gem.5.38
, cf. 16.21, al.;ὑ. τὸν οὐρανόν LXXEx.17.14
, al., UPZ106.14 (i B.C.);τὸ ὑ. τὴν ἀκρόπολιν Th.2.17
;ὁ ὑ. γῆν λεγόμενος εἶναι θεός Hdt.7.114
, cf. Il.19.259; ὑ. γῆν is more freq. than ὑ. γῆς in Arist., Mete. 349b29, al., in Hipparch., 1.3.10, al., and entirely supersedes ὑ. γῆς in Hdt., 2.124, 125, 127, 148, 150, 3.102, 4.195, 7.114, and Gem., 2.19, al.; it is found also in Plb.21.28.11, etc.; ὑ. γῆν the nadir, opp. μεσουράνημα, PLond.1.98r.49, 110.33 (i/ii A.D.); alsoἄγχε δέ μιν.. ἱμὰς ἁπαλὴν ὑ. δειρήν Il.3.371
;Τρῶες.. πτῶσσον ὑ. κρημνούς 21.26
;ἀγέροντο.. ἄλσος ὕ. σκιερόν Od.20.278
;τρωφεὶς ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν IG42(1).122.120
(Epid., iv B.C.);οὐλὴ ὑπ' ὀφθαλμὸν δεξιόν PCair.Zen76.13
(iii B.C.);ὑ. τὸ μέρος τοῦ ἐνοφειλομένου ὑπογραψάτω ὅσον ἰδίᾳ ἔχει PRev.Laws 19.2
(iii B.C.);κείμενος ὑ. τὸν ὀμφαλόν Sor.1.7
, cf. 67, al.;ὑ. τὰς πύλας ἵππων πόδες φαίνονται Th.5.10
;μὴ ὑποτιθέναι κύλικα ὑ. τὴν κλίνην IG12(5).593
A21 (Ceos, v B. C.); ὑ. τὸν ὀδόν ib.42(1).102.249 (Epid., iv B.C.);καταψύξατε ὑ. τὸ δένδρον LXX Ge.18.4
; ὑ. τὸν λέβητα ib.Ec.7.7(6); ὑ. τοὺς πόδας ib.La.3.34;εἰς τοὺς ὑ. πόδα χωρεῖ τόπους Dsc.5.75
(v.πούς 1.6
g); ἡ ὑ. πόδα (sc. γραμμή ) the base of a triangle, Hero *Mens.55; also ὑπ' αὐγὰς.. λεύσσουσαι πέπλους holding them up to the light, E.Hec. 1154; also ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν close to the eye, Arist. Pr. 874a9;ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑ. τὴν Ἀττικήν Isoc.4.108
;ὑπ' αὐτὴν ἐσχάτην στήλην ἔχων ἔχριμπτ' ἀεὶ σύριγγα S.El. 720
;εἰ θεωρήσειεν ὑπ' αὐγὰς τὸν ἀνθρώπειον βίον Iamb.Protr.8
(cf.αὐγή 1
): of subordinate position.κατακλίνεσθαι ὑ. τινά Luc.Symp.9
; τίς ὑ. τίνα; who is next to whom, Onos.10.2.b Math., ὁ κύβος ὁ ὑ. τὴν.. σφαῖραν inscribed in the sphere, Papp.440.5;εἶναι ὑ. τὸ αὐτὸ ὕψος Euc.11.29
, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.19; ὑ. τὰν αὐτὰν γωνίαν subtending.., Id.Aren. 1.20 (cj.), cf. 21; ,al.3 of the logical subordination of things under a class,τῶν ἑτερογενῶν καὶ μὴ ὑπ' ἄλληλα τεταγμένων Arist.Cat. 1b16
, etc.; οἱ ὑ. τὸ ψεῦδος τεταγμένοι in the category of.., Luc.Ind.20.II of subjection, control, dependence, never in Hom., once in Hdt.,ὑ. βασιλέα δασμοφόρος 7.108
;ὑ. σφᾶς ποιεῖσθαι Th.4.60
, cf. Pl.R. 348d, Arist. HA 488a10, etc.;ἕως κα ᾖ ὑ. τὸν πατέρα Test.Epict.3.29
;ὑ. τιν' ἦν τῶν βασιλέων Men.340
;τί δ' οὐ κρατέοντος ὑπ' ἰσχύν; Call.Jov.75
, cf. 74;ὑ. Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον Sammelb. 5616
(i A.D.), POxy.722.6 (i/ii A.D.), etc. (v.ἥλιος 11.1
);ὑ. θεὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπον Michel854.52
(Halic., iii B.C.);τοῦ τοπαρχοῦντος ὑ. σέ PCair.Zen.322.3
(iii B.C.);στρατενσάμενον ὑ. ἄρχοντα Ἀντίοχον IG12(1).43.7
([place name] Rhodes);μηδὲ ὑ. δεσπότην ὤν LXXPr. 6.7
, cf. Ps.143.2; for ὑ. χεῖρα, v. χείρ; οἱ ὑ. τινά X.Cyr.3.3.6,8.8.5, etc.;τοῖς ὑφ' αὑτὸν τεταγμένοις GDI3750.75
([place name] Rhodes).III of Time, in the course of, during, or to be left untranslated in English,ἐκέλευε Τοωσὶ ποτὶ πτόλιν ἡγήσασθαι νύχθ' ὕ. τήνδ' ὀλοήν Il.22.102
;ὑ. τὴν νύκτα ταύτην Hdt.9.51
, cf. 58; ὑ. τὴν πρώτην ἐπελθοῦσαν νύκτα ἀπέδρη Id 6.2;τῆς κολοκύνθης.. ἣ ἐγενήθη ὑ. νύκτα καὶ ὑ. νύκτα ἀπώλετο LXXJn.4.10
: rarely with stress on the duration, πάνθ' ὑ. μηνιθμόν throughout its continuance, Il.16.202;ὑ. τὸν παρεόντα τόνδε πόλεμον Hdt.9.60
; οὐδὲν τῶν κατ' Αἴγυπτον ὑ. ταῦτα ἑτεροιωθῆναι during that time, Id.2.142;ὑ. τὸν χρόνον ὃν οἱ ἑξήκοντα καὶ τριηκόσιοι ἦρχον οἵδε ἐθεόρεον IG12(8).276.4
([place name] Thasos).2 also of Time, about, sts. more precisely at, and of events, about or at the time of, ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν χρόνον ὅτε .. Ar.Ach. 139, cf. Hdt.7.165;ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν καιρόν Plb. 11.27.4
, 16.15.8; ὑφ' ἕνα καιρόν at one time, Diog.Oen.38;ὑ. τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον Th.2.26
;ὑ. τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους Id.1.100
;ὑ. τὸν σεισμόν Id.2.27
, cf. Plb.4.33.5, Plu.Alex.14; ὑ. τὴν ἑωθινήν, ὑ. τὴν ὄρφνην, Plb. 18.19.5,7;ὑ. τὸν ὄρθρον Act.Ap.5.21
, Gp.2.4.3; ποιεῖσθαι τοὺς περιπάτους ὑ. τὸ ψῦχος in the cool of the morning, Plb.5.56.10; ὑφ' ἓν πάντες all at once, at the same time, Arr.Epict.3.22.33, cf. S.E.M. 10.124, Sor.1.103, al.; παιδάριον ὑ. τὴν ἀναπνοὴν ἑπτὰ καὶ πέντε στίχους συνεῖρον in one breath, Plb.10.47.9; ὑφ' ἓν ἐκτρῖψαι at one blow, LXX Wi.12.9; ὑ. μίαν ἄρσιν καὶ θέσιν ἀνατείνοντες καὶ κατατιθέμενοι, of a squad of diggers, Gp.2.45.5; ὑ. μίαν φωνήν Aristeas 178; πῶς γὰρ ἂν ὑ. τὰς αὐτὰς ἡμέρας ἔν τε τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ Κιλικίᾳ.. πολεμήσειε; at the same time, D.C.36.35; sts. c. part., ὑ. τὸν νηὸν κατακαέντα at the time of its burning, Hdt.1.51; ὑ. τὴν κατάλυσιν τοῦ πολέμου just at the end, X.Mem.2.8.1, cf. Plu.Mar.46; ὑ. τὸν θυμὸν ἐκ χειρὸς ἐπιστρατευσαμένων at the very time of their anger, Plb. 2.19.10;ὑ. παροξυσμόν Gal.19.215
; παραδόντω τοῖς αἱρεθεῖσι εἰς τὸν ὑπ' αὐτὰ (or ὕπαυτα as Adv. = ἑξῆς)ἐνιαυτόν IG9(1).694.60
(Corc., ii/i B.C.);ὑ. κύνα Arist.HA 547a14
, Thphr.CP1.13.3, D.S.19.109;ὑ. τὰς θερινὰς [τροπὰς] καὶ τοῦ κυνὸς τὴν ἐπιτολήν Gp.2.6.17
.IV of accompaniment,ὑπὸ ὄρχησίν τε καὶ ᾠδήν Pl.Lg. 670a
;ὑ. αὐλὸν διαλέγεσθαι X.Smp.6.3
codd. (ὑ. τοῦ αὐλοῦ Cobet); ὑ. κήρυκα (v.κῆρυξ 1.3
).—Compare A.11.5, B.11.4.2 ὄνον ἕνα ὑ. λαχανόσπερμον laden with.., Meyer Ostr.81.2 (i A. D.), cf. PFay.p.324 (i A.D.); , al. (iii A.D.); cf. supr. A.11.8.D POSITION: ὑ. can follow its Subst., becoming by anastrophe ὕπο. It is freq. separated from the Subst. by intervening words, as in Il.2.465, Od.5.320, 7.130:— ὑπαί is placed after its case in A. Eu. 417, S.El. 1418, Inach. l.c., although acc. to Hdn.Gr.1.480 it cannot suffer anastrophe.E AS ADV., under, below, beneath, freq. in Hom.; esp. of young animals, under the mother, i.e. at the breast, Od.4.636, 21.23.2 behind, Hdt.7.61: cf. C. 1.II ὑπ' ἐκ or ὑπέκ, v. ὑπέκ.—In Hom. the separation of the Prep. from its Verb by tmesis is very freq., and sts. it follows, in which case it suffers anastrophe,φυγὼν ὕπο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ Od.9.17
.F IN COMPOSITION:I under, as well of rest as of motion, as in ὕπειμι, ὑποβαίνω, etc.3 of the agency or influence under which a thing is done, to express subjection or subordination, ὑποδαμνάω, ὑποδμώς, ὑφηνίοχος, cf. ἐπί G. 111. -
15 Befehlsnotstand
m JUR.: unter Befehlsnotstand handeln act under binding orders* * *Be|fehls|not|standm (JUR)compulsion or necessity to obey ordersunter Beféhlsnotstand handeln — to be acting under orders
* * *unter Befehlsnotstand handeln act under binding orders -
16 إجبار
إِجْبار \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. -
17 إرغام
إِرْغام \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. -
18 إكراه
إِكْرَاه \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. force: violence; fierce or uncontrolled use of strength: He took the money from the old woman by force. \ إِكْرَاه بالتَّهْدِيد \ blackmail: a demand for money from sb. for keeping sth. secret. -
19 force
إِكْرَاه \ compulsion: the act of forcing sb. to do sth.: He says he signed the statement only under compulsion. force: violence; fierce or uncontrolled use of strength: He took the money from the old woman by force. -
20 estrecho
adj.1 narrow, tight, close, constrained.2 intimate.m.strait, sound, channel connecting two seas, straits.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: estrechar.* * *► adjetivo1 (poco ancho) narrow3 (habitación) cramped, poky, small4 (sin espacio) packed, jam-packed5 figurado (amistad etc) close, intimate6 figurado (mezquino) mean7 figurado (estricto) narrow, rigid\ser estrecho,-a de miras figurado to be narrow-mindedel Estrecho de Gibraltar the Straits of Gibraltar————————* * *adj.1) narrow, tight2) close* * *estrecho, -a1. ADJ1) (=angosto) [calle, pasillo] narrow; [zapato, ropa] tightes muy estrecho de hombros — he's very narrow-shouldered, he's got very narrow shoulders
estábamos muy estrechos en el asiento trasero — it was a tight squeeze o we had to squeeze up tight in the back seat
2) [amistad, relación] closetrabajan en estrecha colaboración con el comité — they work in close collaboration with the committee
la sometieron a una estrecha vigilancia — they kept her under close supervision o a close watch
3) [sexualmente] prudish, prim4) [de mentalidad] narrow-mindedestrecho de miras o mente — narrow-minded
2. SM1) (Geog) strait, straits pl2) † (=aprieto) predicamental estrecho — by force, under compulsion
3.SM / F * prude* * *I- cha adjetivo1)b) ( apretado) tight2) <amistad/colaboración/vigilancia> closeIImasculino (Geog) strait, straits (pl)* * *I- cha adjetivo1)b) ( apretado) tight2) <amistad/colaboración/vigilancia> closeIImasculino (Geog) strait, straits (pl)* * *estrecho11 = sound, strait.Ex: This guide provides brief descriptive information on the geomorphology and ecology of sounds, beaches, inlets, and dunes.
Ex: Any attack on Iran will require that military forces quickly deploy to Dubai to forestall the closing of the strait.* Estrecho de Bering, el = Bering Straits, the.* estrecho de Gibraltar, el = Strait of Gibraltar, the.estrecho22 = cramped, tight [tighter -comp., tightest -sup.], narrow [narrower -comp., narrowest -sup.].Ex: Vissenbjerg Library, Funen, serving a population of 5,860 and converted to full-time status in 1980, is placed in a stagnant shopping centre in cramped conditions.
Ex: The platen was lashed up tight to the toe of the spindle by cords which connected hooks at its four corners to another set of hooks at the four lower corners of the hose.Ex: The subject areas which such data bases cover may range from relatively narrow subjects, to interdisciplinary areas.* con lazos muy estrechos = close-knit.* en estrecha colaboración con = hand-in-glove with.* estrecho de mente = narrow-minded.* estrecho de miras = narrow-minded.* muy estrecho = poky [pokier -comp., pokiest -sup.].* * *A1 (angosto) ‹calle/pasillo› narrow; ‹falda› tightes estrecha de caderas she has narrow hips2 (apretado) tightla falda me queda estrecha de cintura the skirt's too tight around the waistíbamos muy estrechos it was very cramped, we were very crampedB ‹amistad/vínculo› close; ‹colaboración/vigilancia› closemantienen estrechas relaciones con la organización they maintain close ties with the organizationeste tema guarda una estrecha relación con el anterior this topic is closely linked to the previous oneC1 (limitado) ‹criterio› narrow; ‹persona› narrow-mindedtiene horizontes muy estrechos he has a very limited o narrow outlook on life2 ( fam) (mojigato) prudish, straitlaced( Geog) strait, straits (pl)el Estrecho de Gibraltar the Strait(s) of Gibraltarel Estrecho de Magallanes the Strait of Magellan, the Magellan Strait* * *
Del verbo estrechar: ( conjugate estrechar)
estrecho es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
estrechó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
estrechar
estrecho
estrechar ( conjugate estrechar) verbo transitivo
1a) ‹falda/pantalones› to take … in;
‹ carretera› to make … narrower
2 (abrazar, apretar):
me estrechó la mano he shook my hand
estrecharse verbo pronominal
1
2 ( recípr) ( apretarse):
se estrechoon la mano they shook hands
estrecho 1◊ - cha adjetivo
1 ‹calle/pasillo› narrow;
‹ falda› tight;
2 ‹amistad/colaboración/vigilancia› close
3 ( limitado) ‹ criterio› narrow;
estrecho 2 sustantivo masculino (Geog) strait, straits (pl);
estrechar verbo transitivo
1 to make narrow
2 (la mano) to shake
3 (entre los brazos) to hug
4 el Gobierno estrechará lazos con Cuba, the Government will strengthen bonds with Cuba
estrecho,-a
I adjetivo
1 (espacio) narrow
2 (indumentaria) tight: esos pantalones te están estrechos, those trousers are too tight for you
3 (íntimo) close, intimate
II m Geog strait, straits pl; Estrecho de Gibraltar, the Strait(s) of Gibraltar
' estrecho' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
camino
- estrecha
- nado
- encajonar
- estrechar
- mira
- provinciano
English:
bottleneck
- channel
- close
- cramped
- insular
- intimate
- narrow
- narrow-minded
- small-minded
- sound
- strait
- tight
- blinkered
- clasp
- liaise
- slender
- slim
* * *estrecho, -a♦ adj1. [de poca anchura] narrow;[ropa] tight;es estrecho de caderas he is narrow-hipped;desde que he engordado toda la ropa me está estrecha since I put on weight, all my clothes have been too tight for me;aquí se está muy estrecho it's very cramped in here;íbamos muy estrechos en el autobús our bus was packed2. [íntimo] close;tengo una estrecha relación con él I have a close relationship with him;el asunto tiene una estrecha relación con los juicios a la mafia the affair is closely tied up with the mafia trials;ambos países mantienen estrechos lazos de amistad the two countries have close ties of friendship3. [tacaño] miserly, mean4. [rígido] strict;serán sometidos a estrecha vigilancia they will be kept under close o strict surveillance;estrecho de miras narrow-minded♦ nm,fFam Pey [reprimido] prude♦ nm[entre dos mares] strait(s) el Estrecho de Bering the Bering Strait(s);el Estrecho de Bonifacio the Strait of Boniface;el Estrecho de Dardanelos the Dardanelles;el Estrecho de Gibraltar the Strait(s) of Gibraltar;el Estrecho de Magallanes the Strait(s) of Magellan;el Estrecho de Mesina the Strait(s) of Messina;el Estrecho de Ormuz the Strait(s) of Hormuz* * *I adj1 narrow;estrecho de miras narrow-minded2 ( apretado) tight;el vestido me queda estrecho the dress is too tight3 amistad close4:estar oir estrechos be cramped (for space)II m strait, straits pl ;el Estrecho de Gibraltar the Strait(s) of Gibraltar;Estrecho de Magallanes Magellan Straits* * *1) : tight, narrow2) íntimo: close♦ estrechamente advestrecho nm: strait, narrows* * *estrecho1 adj1. (en general) narrow2. (ropa, zapato) tight3. (amistad) closeestrecho2 n strait / straits
- 1
- 2
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